| Papilio lacandones Bates, 1864 |
| Papilio laodamas C. Felder & R. Felder, 1859 |
| Papilio laodamas subsp. procas Vázquez, 1953 |
| Papilio latinus C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861 |
| Papilio laure Drury, 1773 |
| Papilio lauri Fabricius, 1938 |
| Papilio lethe Fabricius, 1793 |
| Papilio lewisii Kirby, 1884 |
| Papilio liberia Fabricius, 1793 |
| Papilio libye Linnaeus, 1767 |
| Papilio lisus Stoll, 1790 |
| Papilio lopiusa Schaus, 1911 |
| Papilio lorzae Boisduval, 1869 |
| Papilio lucidator Sepp, 1844 |
| Papilio lycidas Cramer, 1777 |
| Papilio lycidas f. adlatus Niepelt, 1915 |
| Papilio lycimenes Boisduval, 1870 |
| Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758 |
| Papilio machaon subsp. bairdii Edwards, 1866 |
| Papilio machaon var. californica Ménétriés, 1855 |