| Xanthisma junceum (Greene) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartm., 2003 |
| Xanthisma pseudorestiforme B.L. Turner, 2010 |
| Xanthisma restiforme (B.L. Turner) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartm., 2003 |
| Xanthisma rhizomatum (M.C. Johnst.) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartm., 2003 |
| Xanthisma scabrellum (Greene) G.L. Nesom & B.L. Turner, 2007 |
| Xanthisma spinulosum (Pursh) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartm., 2003 |
| Xanthisma spinulosum var. chihuahuanum (B.L. Turner & R.L. Hartm.) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartm., 2003 |
| Xanthisma spinulosum var. gooddingii (Rydb.) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartm., 2003 |
| Xanthisma stenolobum (Greene) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartm., 2003 |
| Xanthisma tenuilobum (A. Gray) D.R. Morgan & Zanoni, 2022 |
| Xanthisma texanum DC., 1836 |
| Xanthisma viscidum (Wooton & Standl.) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartm., 2003 |
| Xanthisma wigginsii (S.F. Blake) D.R. Morgan & R.L. Hartm., 2003 |
| Xanthium L., 1753 |
| Xanthium australe Millsp. & Sherff, 1919 |
| Xanthium cavanillesii Schouw, 1849 |
| Xanthium italicum Moretti, 1822 |
| Xanthium orientale L., 1763 |
| Xanthium spinosum L., 1753 |
| Xanthium strumarium L., 1753 |